Uhlelo olukhulu lwase-Australia lokuvimbela labo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ezinkundleni zokuxhumana lubhekene nesimo esibucayi. Lokho okwaqala njengesinyathelo somhlaba wonke sokuvikela impilo yengqondo yentsha kuye kwabhekana neqiniso eliqinile lobuchwepheshe: intsha ithola izindlela eziningi zokugwema ukuvinjelwa kwedijithali ngemizuzu embalwa. Lesi simo siphoqe uhulumeni ka-Anthony Albanese ukuthi athathe isinyathelo esiqinile, uma kubhekwa umbono wokuthi izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zenza okuncane kakhulu ukuze zihambisane nomthetho.
EYurophu, lesi simo silandelwa ngenhlanganisela yelukuluku nokuqapha. Uhulumeni waseSpain, njengabanye omakhelwane njengeFrance neDenmark, uqapha ngokucophelela imiphumela yalolu vivinyo lwedijithali, njengoba imithetho efanayo yokunciphisa isikhathi sokubuka isikrini nayo ibhalwa lapha. Kodwa-ke, idatha yokuqala evela eYurophu iphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umthetho wokuvinjelwa akulula njengoba kubonakala, nokuthi amapulatifomu afana neTikTok, i-Instagram, ne-YouTube awabambisani ngokugcwele.
Izinhlawulo zamaRandi ayizigidi kanye nokwenyuka kokungaphathwa kahle kwe-Big Tech
Ebhekene nokuntuleka kwemiphumela eqondile, uhulumeni wase-Australia umemezele ukuqiniswa okukhulu kwezijeziso zomnotho. Inhlawulo ephezulu yokwephulwa kwemithetho izophindeka kabili, ikhuphuke kusukela ku-$49,5 million yokuqala iye ku- $99 million emangalisayo , okuyisibalo esihloselwe ukulingana nezijeziso ezibekwe ngaphansi komthetho wokuncintisana. Umyalezo ucacile: uma izinkampani zingakuthathi ngokungathi sÃna ukuvikelwa kwezingane, imiphumela izoba nomthelela wangempela emalini yazo ephansi.
Ngaphezu kokwenyusa izinhlawulo, inhlangano elawulayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Internet Safety Commissioner, manje izoba namandla abanzi kakhulu. Izokwazi ukufuna ulwazi oluningiliziwe hhayi nje kuphela ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kodwa futhi nakubantu besithathu, njengezitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nezinsizakalo zokuqinisekisa ubudala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izihlungi ezisebenzayo ziyasetshenziswa ngempela . Akwanele ukuthi amapulatifomu avele athi ayahambisana nemithetho; kumele abonise ngedatha eqondile ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 azinakho ukufinyelela okungahlosiwe kumaphrofayela azo.
Ubuqili bentsha bunqoba izilawuli zobuchwepheshe
Iqiniso liwukuthi ubuchwepheshe buhlala buhamba phambili ngesinyathelo esisodwa kune-bureaucracy. Ngokusho kwemibiko eminingana, yize ama-akhawunti angaba yizigidi ezinhlanu evaliwe selokhu umthetho waqala ukusebenza, izingane eziyisikhombisa kweziyishumi ezithintekile ziyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi azo okuxhumana nabantu eziwathandayo njengokungathi akukho okwenzekile. Isu lilula: zisebenzisa ama-akhawunti abolekwe ezihlotsheni zabantu abadala, zakha amaphrofayili anezinsuku zokuzalwa ezingamanga, noma zisebenzisa iziphequluli ezizimele ukuze zigweme ukutholakala.
Ucwaningo lwamuva nje olushicilelwe kuyi-British Medical Journal luqinisekisa ukuthi umthelela wokuvinjelwa ube mncane kakhulu. Intsha ingabantu bomdabu bedijithali futhi iyazi kahle ukuthi ingayisebenzisa kanjani i-inthanethi ukuze igweme noma yiziphi izithiyo ehlangabezana nazo . Eqinisweni, phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engu-14 nengu-15 ubudala, kube nokuncipha okuncane kokusetshenziswa, kanti kwamanye amaqembu eminyaka, umsebenzi uye wanda ngisho nangemva kokuba umthetho uphasisiwe, okwenza kucace ukuthi inselele ifundisa kakhulu kunobuchwepheshe kuphela.
Ukungabaza kwesayensi kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamanye amamodeli aseYurophu
Akuwona wonke umuntu oqinisekayo ukuthi ukuvimbela ukufinyelela i-inthanethi kuyisisombululo esiphezulu. Abanye ochwepheshe abavela eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia kanye nochwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe abangaphezu kuka-300 baxwayise ngokuthi lezi zinyathelo azinawo ukwesekwa okucacile kwesayensi futhi zingaba nemiphumela emibi enhlalakahleni yezingane. Impikiswano iwukuthi ngokuvimbela ukufinyelela, izingane ziphoqeleka ukusebenzisa i-inthanethi ngasese, ziphuthelwa ithuba lokubafundisa ngokusetshenziswa okunesibopho nokuphephile ngaphansi kokuqashwa.
EYurophu, kucatshangelwa izibonelo ezihlukile, njengeFinland, lapho kugxilwe khona ezikoleni, okuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamaselula emakilasini. Lesi sinyathelo sibonakala siveza imiphumela ngokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana kwangempela phakathi kwabafundi ngesikhathi sekhefu. Okwamanje, i-Australia iqhubekela phambili nohlelo lwayo lokubeka umthwalo wedijithali wokunakekela, ibamba amapulatifomu ngokuqondile ukuthi abhekane nanoma yikuphi ukulimala okungabangelwa yi-algorithms yawo kubantwana—indlela ehlolwa kakhulu e-European Union.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwase-Australia kubonisa ukuthi ukuvikela izingane endaweni yedijithali kuyadingeka, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubhekene nezithiyo ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe kanye nezenhlalo . Njengoba izinhlawulo sezifinyelela izibalo ezinkulu kanye nokuhlolisiswa kwamaqhinga asetshenziswa yizinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukugcina abasebenzisi abasebasha, umhlaba wonke ubheke ukubona ukuthi lokhu kuqiniswa kwemithetho kuzogcina kufeze umgomo wayo noma uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-inthanethi izohlala iyisikhala esingalawuleki lapho imithetho yezwe inokufinyelela okulinganiselwe.